Could this be the last Bonfire Night for noisy fireworks?

The familiar sounds of Bonfire Night—bangers, rockets, and screamers—may undergo a significant change next year, as the government is contemplating cutting the noise limit for fireworks sold to the public by half. This consideration comes in response to pressure from groups concerned about the distress caused to anxious animals and individuals suffering from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It is important to note that professional firework displays would not be subject to a noise cap, provided the sound levels are not detrimental to human health.

According to industry statistics, approximately 20 million people in the UK set off fireworks at home annually. Andy Hubble of the British Fireworks Association (BFA) commented that fireworks have already become quieter over time and emphasized the importance of maintaining a balance that avoids encouraging an illegal trade in louder fireworks. The end of October and the beginning of November mark several cultural celebrations often accompanied by fireworks, including Halloween on 31 October, Guy Fawkes Night on 5 November, and Diwali on 8 November this year.

The government has ruled out an outright ban on public fireworks sales, considering it disproportionate. However, Business Minister Kate Dearden stated that reforms are being explored to address the key concerns linked to fireworks misuse—specifically noise and antisocial behaviour—while allowing people to continue enjoying these displays safely and responsibly. Current regulations prohibit selling fireworks to anyone under 18 and restrict their use after 11 p.m., except for special occasions like Bonfire Night, Diwali, New Year’s Eve, and Chinese New Year.

Concerns have been raised by animal lovers and individuals affected by loud noises. For example, dog owner Katherine Alderson described her yearly effort to manage the disturbances, saying, “It’s a nightmare every single year.” She has taken extensive measures to insulate her home to reduce noise and believes fireworks should focus on visual effects rather than loud explosions. Alderson even suggested that a complete ban on public sales might be the solution. Meanwhile, others such as Alan Friggieri from the charity Combat Stress, which supports veterans with PTSD, do not support a ban. Friggieri highlighted that calls to their helpline spike during the firework season, as loud bangs can trigger trauma responses. Quoting one veteran, he said, “Nothing quite sounds like an AK47 other than fireworks going off – it’s that crackle.” However, Friggieri respects the cultural significance of fireworks and advocates for better enforcement of existing rules rather than prohibition.

Andy Hubble from the BFA warned against the unintended consequences of stricter noise limits, citing Ireland’s experience, where bans led to a rise in illegal firework sales. He noted that lowering noise limits could push consumers towards unregulated markets, “where fireworks are coming in through internet sales and white van sales,” resulting in potentially louder and more hazardous products circulating. Hubble contested claims that fireworks have become noisier, explaining, “No, no, it’s a lot quieter than it used to be.” He referenced the withdrawal of particularly loud fireworks, such as bangers and air bombs. According to BFA assessments, reducing noise levels to 110 decibels, as currently considered by the government, would affect up to 60% of consumer firework sales, while lowering limits further to 90 decibels would impact roughly 95%, effectively amounting to a ban on consumer fireworks rather than a simple noise reduction.

To support those concerned about fireworks disturbances, organizations like the RSPCA offer advice for managing nervous pets, including staying calm, masking sounds with music or television, and ensuring pets cannot escape during noisy events. Similarly, Combat Stress suggests strategies for people with PTSD, such as using noise-cancelling headphones, blackout blinds, grounding techniques, and seeking the company of loved ones during challenging dates like Bonfire Night